E Marketing Essay

Background of the Study Marketing plays a vital role in economic growth in the present global world. It ensures the planned economic growth in the developing economy where the scarcity of goods, services, ideas and excessive unemployment, thereby marketing efforts are needed for mobilization of economic resources for additional production of ideas, goods and services resulting in greater employment. Marketing stimulates the aggregate demand thereby enlarges the size of market. Marketing in basic industries, agriculture, mining and plantation industries helps in distribution of output without which there is no possibility of mobilization of goods and services which is the key point for economic growth. These industries are the back bone of economic growth. It also accelerates the process of monetizing the economy which in turn facilitates the transfer of investible resources. It helps in discovery of entrepreneurial talent. Intermediate industrial goods and Semi-industrial products etc. ssentially marketed for industrial purpose in order to develop the industrial sector with a view to economic growth. Today the trend of ICT development is gaining larger influence over countries’ development and growth. It would not be surprising to see the elements that evolved from the developments of ICT (such as e-commerce, e-marketing, e-business, and e-learning) have increasingly provided support toward enhancing countries’ growth and development, especia lly in highly sophisticated abstract. As the trend of ICT development is gaining larger influence over countries’ development and growth, e-commerce plays an important role in enhancing the growth of several developed and developing economies over the 21st century. This chapter aims to build the analytical base to support the importance of the development of e-commerce by investigating the role and contribution of e-commerce to economic growth and development. The chapter first investigates past contributions of e-commerce to economic growth in developed countries. Second, past research findings and frameworks are utilized to investigate the contribution of e-commerce toward economic growth, focusing on the case of e-commerce in Tanzania. The study found that e-commerce plays an important role in enhancing the economic growth of Tanzania. Two important findings supported the growth of e-commerce. First is the increase in sales generated by the use of e-commerce. Second, e-commerce induces the productivity development of firms through higher competition and innovation. E-Commerce Contribution to Economic Growth: The Case of Tanzania industries. The introduction of e-commerce and e-business seems to create a tremendous contribution to the growth of many developed nations and is continuing its increasing impact on the developments of many developing economies over the 21st century. Some recent literature pointed out the increasing contribution of e-commerce toward economic development in several developed countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom (Adam, Mulye,Deans &Palihawadana,2002).

Indira Gandhi Negative Positive

negative Indira Gandhi  was the most corrupt politicians of all time . Her politics was so ugly that to remain in power and stay as uncrowned queen of India she imposed emergency in 1977 . She made extreme laws such as forcible vasectomy of men ( unmarried young men included ) to control  population of India  . She was an awful leader and one of the biggest criminal of all times . She ate away India financially and also caused a lot of mayhem . When Sikhs opposed her regime ( in worlds largest democracy ) , she turned against Sikhs .She attacked  Golden temple  on 6th june , 1984 , codenamed as â€Å"operation bluestar † , nonetheless to say that all so called sikh extremists were created due to effects of her evil regime . She was given her due punishment on 31st october , 1984 for attacking Golden temple . Because golden temple is just as important to Sikhs as Kabba , mecca is to muslims or vatican city is to christians positive The charismatic and epoch-making per sonality of  Indira  Gandhi  left her imprint not only in the affairs of her own country but also in international affairs.She belonged to that noble galaxy of great  leaders  who wielded extraordinary power. Indira  Gandhi  was  an Indian to the core but at the same time her vision went far beyond her own nation and embraced the entire human race. By virtue of being the Prime Minister of India, the largest democracy in the world, shewas  able to make a significant contribution to the practice of inter-national relations. She enjoyed well-deserved prestige and profound respect on the international scene. An attempt is being made here to highlight her role as an international  leader.Indira  Gandhi  was  introduced to international affairs at an early age. As the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru she  was  born and brought up in a family and environment where national and international politics were discussed all the time. Her illustrious father had taken car e to educate her daughter about all aspects national and international politics. This  was  amply demonstra-ted in Nehru’s letters to her daughter from prison which were later on published in a book form. In all these letters world history and politics have been discussed extensively.Besides, during the Prime Ministership of Nehru,  Indira  Gandhiserved as the official hostess to heads of states and governments at the Teen Murti House. She also accompanied her father in most of his foreign tours. As a result of all this she became quite familiar with international affairs. So after becoming the Prime Minister of India she hardly faced any problem in understanding foreign policy and  was  able to achieve success in this sphere within no time. Indira  Gandhi  inherited Nehru’s mantle and  was  credited with carrying out the Nehru legacy in foreign affairs.Following Nehru’s traditions, she championed the cause of international peace, disarmament , anti-colonialism and anti-racialism. She used the platforms of the Commonwealth, NAM and UN effectively. She not only preserved the rich heritage of Nehru but made her own contribution. She took certain decisions keeping in view the prevalent circumstances that resulted in raising the stature of India at the international level. Under her dynamic stewardship India’s voice  was  heard with respect in various international oranisations and forums.Indira  Gandhi  had no articulated world vision but had learned from her great father to identify India’s national interest with independent decision-making in international affairs, economic development at home and the exclusion of India and its neighbourhood in Southern Asia from either of superpower’s sphere of influence. Her policies were pragmatic, her dealings with foreign  leaders  unsentimental. Her pride, her sensitivity to equal treatment, her political skills in overcoming adversity—all hel ped to keep her government from succumbing to American or Soviet pressures on specific issues.She had a clear-cut perception of India’s strategic and national interests. She knew that in international relations power counted more than personal influence and that the strategic interests of a nation were far more important than moral principles. She followed pragmatic policies and her relations with the  leaders  of superpowers were based upon cold calculations. When  Indira  Gandhi  came to the helm of affairs, that  was  a bi-polar world. One bloc  was  led by the US and other headed by the Soviet Union. The Cold War  wasat its height.The nuclear race  was  on. Some relics of colonialism and imperialism were still there. Racialism  was  prevalent in some parts. World peacewas  under a grave threat. In the circumstances  Indira  Gandhi  followed the policy of non-alignment as laid down by Nehru. Very soon the international community recognis ed her as a  leader  who  was  committed to freedom and peace. Her role in the non-aligned moment  was  duly recognised at the Seventh Conference NAM when she  was  elected its chairperson in 1983 at New Delhi. This Conference  was  a historic one.The resolutions passed at the Conference reflected  Indira  Gandhi’s statesmanship and far-sightedness. Her most important contribution in the realm of world peace  was  the shaping of the NAM. Her able  leadership  provided a smooth sailing for the Conference. It also led to a better understanding of the common problems of freedom, peace and social justice for the people of the Third World. It  was  through this Conference that she made a major chunk of humanity feel important in the UN. Here she played a more dynamic role as a  leader  of mankind in the international arena.Her performance as the NAM Chairperson  was  superb and balanced, and it commanded respect not only of member-states but also of the superpowers. Her faith in the UN as the arbiter of inter-state conflicts and the most important centre for harmonising the actions of nations can’t be questioned. For, as she herself said, firm faith in the UN is central to the NAM. The aim is the same: to maintain peace by removing the sources of tension and to bring out the humanity in human beings. Indira  Gandhi  symbolised the Third World’s regeneration.Under her  leadership, Indian foreign policy matured from the conscious assertion of the rights and aspirations of newly free nations to a keen awareness on their part of their own responsibility in the global context. By refusing to sign the NPT she gained political credit for upholding India’s independence and for taking a principled stand against a discriminatory treaty. With  Indira  Gandhi  at the helm, India re-emerged in the South Asian strategic stage and her India recorded its ability and willingness to grasp the opportu nities of power politics in a regional context.She made a mark in the world as an unrivalled  leader  and a champion of the Third World. INDIRA  GANDHI  not only influenced history but also made history. With her extraordinary skills she balanced the superpowers against one another. 1971was  Indira  Gandhi’s finest hour in foreign and security affairs. Her skill lay in her intuitive grasp of the opportunity which the Pakistani rulers provided to change the geopolitics of East Pakistan. The Bangladesh situation gave her the opportunity to emerge as a military strategist and a diplomat par excellence on the regional and the world stage.With the clear and decisive victory India andIndira  were established as a major power and force in the world. Indira  Gandhibecame the international  leader. Her decisions and timings were applauded and hailed as perfect. As Henry Kissinger admits in his memoirs,  Indira  Gandhioutclassed and outmanoeuvred Nixon and Kissing er. It  was  a giant leap in international stature. The year 1971 represented the peak of her political career. She tackled Nixon on equal terms. Even her bitter critics were forced to admire her guts. For instance,  Leader  of the Opposition in Indian Parliament A. B. Vajpayee called her Durga.Another Opposition  leader  declared in Parliament: â€Å"Madam, you have created not only history but a new geography as well. † After the war  Indira  Gandhi  acted with great magnanimity at the Shimla Conference. She put India on the international scientific map by exploding the country’s first underground nuclear device at Pokhran in 1974. This signalled India’s nuclear potential and its unwillingness to abide by the nuclear rules of the superpowers. One of the important features of  Indira  Gandhi’s foreign policy  was  the close ties with the Arab world. It  was  during the Nehru period that the foundations of a sound and viable Arab policy were laid.The  Indira  Gandhi  era witnessed an allround development of Indo-Arab relations. Indira  Gandhi  always evinced keen interest in the affairs of the Arab world. Under her  leadership  India felt emotionally and morally committed to the national aspirations of the Arabs to gain a rightful place in the comity of nations. She always showed an abiding concern for Palestine which forms the crux of West Asian problem. Consequently, in the UN and in its various forums as well as in different Afro-Asian and Non-Aligned Conferences  Indira’s India supported the Arab stand on the Palestine issue.On her return to power in 1980  Indira  Gandhi  dumped the Janata Government’s pro-Israel policy into the dustbin and reverted back to the Nehruvian policy. She invited PLO  leader  Yasser Arafat to New Delhi and established formal diplomatic relations despite stiff opposition and strong pressures. She  was  called Gamal Nasser’ s niece, King Faisal’s daughter and Yasser Arafat’s sister in the Arab world. She  was  immensely popular among the Arab people who called her Alsayyida  Indira  Gandhi. Indira  Gandhi  reflected the restless spirit of mankind desiring to establish a world order free from human sufferings.She struggled for the creation of an essentially human order in place of one based on brute force. She  was  against all forms of domination and exploitation of one country by another. She opposed colonialism and racialism on the ground that these created tensions and hostility. She firmly believed that the adoption of non-alignment by a fairly large number of countries would automatically widen the area of peace and security. She advocated disarmament which alone could bring confidence and hope for survival among the peoples of the world.Indira  Gandhi  was  definitely successful in the international arena. She stood head and shoulders above the  leaders  of Third World countries in international forums and conferences. She  was  always in the limelight. Hers  was  the foremost voice for world peace in a tense and troubled world. She  wassuccessful in protecting India’s interests without succumbing to the pressure of superpowers. An increase in India’s economic and military strength during her regime made India an important regional power which none of the superpowers could afford to ignore.She made India strong and a leading country in the comity of nations, gave a clarion call to the world to save humanity from the nuclear holocaust, raised her voice against all kinds of exploitation. She displayed rare statesmanship in tackling international disputes. Indira  Gandhi’s role in guiding the developing nations of the world and her personal contribution towards disarmament and global peace were duly acknowledged by the international community. The image of India as a country which had to be taken seriousl y  was  definitely her biggest contribution.To sum up,  Indira  Gandhi  was  truly an international  leader. As the Prime Minister of India and Chairperson of the NAM she exercised a profound influence on international affairs and made tremendous efforts for world peace, justice and equity among nations Indira Gandhi was one of the most charismatic leaders of modern India whose ideas and activities touched different spheres of India's public life and politics and left an imprint on world affairs, especially, the Non-alignment Movement. She was the Prime Minister for over fifteen-and-half years.Born on 19 November 1917 at Allahabad to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamala Nehru Indira Priyadarshini was educated at Viswa Bharati University, and Oxford, and became involved in political life almost from childhood. In 1942 Indira married Feroze Gandhi. She became a member of the Congress Working Committee in 1955 and was elected President in 1959. She became a member of the Ca binet of Lal Bahadur Shastri as Minister for Information. In 1966 on the sudden demise of Shastriji, she was made the Prime Minister. Indira Gandhi strengthened the democratic structure and tradition of India.She had tremendous influence on the masses. Among the major achievements of Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister were India's role during the liberation war in Bangladesh including humane handling of refugees and winning of 1971 war against Pakistan. She gave direction to India's economy to reach the declared objectives of democratic socialism and greater social justice for weaker sections. It was under her leadership that the signing of Shimla Pact with Pakistani Premier Z. A. Bhutto and the signing of Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation took place.She nationalised banks, abolished privy purses of maharajas and conducted the first nuclear tests at Pokhran. The imposition of emergency rule in 1975 proved to be a major mistake that she realised later. Indira Gandh i was deeply interested in literature, music and fine arts. Various cultural institutions, performing artists, educationists, intellectuals received her patronage and encouragement. She was proud of India's cultural heritage and it was on her initiative that Asiatic Society, Calcutta received the status of an institution and national importance. She was conferred Bharat Ratna in 1971.Indira Gandhi passed into history when she fell to the assassin's bullets on 31 October 1984 at her residence. These assassins were none other than her own security men. As a mark of respect to the departed leader her birthday is observed as National Integration Day. what did Indira Gandhi do as prime minister? Answer:  ·Ã¢â‚¬ ¢.  · By virtue of being the Prime Minister of India, the largest democracy in the world, she was able to make a significant contribution to the practice of inter-national relations.  · Her most important contribution in the realm of world peace was the shaping of the NAM (n on-aligned moment).Her able leadership provided a smooth sailing for the Conference. It also led to a better understanding of the common problems of freedom, peace and social justice for the people of the Third World. It was through this Conference that she made a major chunk of humanity feel important in the UN. Here she played a more dynamic role as a leader of mankind in the international arena.  · Indira Gandhi symbolized the Third World's regeneration. Under her leadership, Indian foreign policy matured from the conscious assertion of the rights and aspirations of newly free nations to a een awareness on their part of their own responsibility in the global context. By refusing to sign the NPT she gained political credit for upholding India's independence and for taking a principled stand against a discriminatory treaty.  · She made a mark in the world as an unrivalled leader and a champion of the Third World.  · The Bangladesh situation gave her the opportunity to emerge as a military strategist and a diplomat par excellence on the regional and the world stage. With the clear and decisive victory India and Indira were established as a major power and force in the world.Indira Gandhi became the international leader.  · She put India on the international scientific map by exploding the country's first underground nuclear device at Pokhran in 1974. This signaled India's nuclear potential and its unwillingness to abide by the nuclear rules of the superpowers.  · She was successful in protecting India's interests without succumbing to the pressure of superpowers. An increase in India's economic and military strength during her regime made India an important regional power which none of the superpowers could afford to ignore.She made India strong and a leading country in the comity of nations, gave a clarion call to the world to save humanity from the nuclear holocaust, raised her voice against all kinds of exploitation.  · Indira Gandhi was truly a n international leader. As the Prime Minister of India and Chairperson of the NAM she exercised a profound influence on international affairs and made tremendous efforts for world peace, justice and equity among nations.  · As prime minister, Gandhi tried to improve the lives of Indians. With her neighbors, the Soviet Union and China, she improved relations.She also promoted science and technology. In 1971, India sent its first satellite into space. Economically, Indira Gandhi led India to become one of the fastest growing economies in the world toward the end of her time as prime minister.  · Being the first female prime minister of India and an influential leader; in a prevalently male- dominated society, Indira Gandhi was a symbol of feminism in India. As per economic surveys, when Indira became Prime minister, 65% of the population was over the poverty line, and when her regime ended in 1984, this figure was 45%. During her rule, food production increased by 250%.Literacy al so increased in India by 30 %  · Indira advocated and promoted equal right s for women and their social and economic emancipation. She instituted many programs for the benefit of the underprivileged and the handicapped. She laid great emphasis of the cultural revival of India, promoted crafts and encouraged schemes for the removal of poverty.  · The first woman ever elected to lead a democracy  · She firmly believed in the policy of â€Å"rapid introduction of socialism in the country. †  · Indira Gandhi strengthened the democratic structure and tradition of India. She had tremendous influence on the masses.

Marketing Plan for RedBull Chewing Gum Research Proposal

Marketing Plan for RedBull Chewing Gum - Research Proposal Example So the company will follow a strategic marketing plan for advertisement and to reach to the target audience. They will show the products in print and television advertisement. The detailed plan has covered everything like POS to competitive environment. If we talk about the brand awareness of Red Bull, then it is interesting to know that it is a very lucrative energy drink which is very famous all around the world. Red Bull is at number 2 in the market of energy drinks and is continuously trying to become the leader, that's the major reason behind introducing the Red Bull Chewing gum. As its really important to reach the target markets with appropriate levels of frequency and credibility. We will use both push or pull strategy or exclusive distribution in some conditions. Usually the well known brands are successful of developing a pull strategy with their loyal customers. So if we face any sort of constraint then we will ask our distributors to use exclusive distribution strategy to sell the chewing gum; so that the consumer might want to break the suspense, 'why is it only available in few outlets'. The product is placed in the outlet and the shop is using the brand equityto develop his reliability of the shop name and is also associating with an existing brand name to introduce a new product orproduct line will also attract the target audience. Red-Bull... Situation Analysis If we talk about the brand awareness of Red Bull, then it is interesting to know that it is a very lucrative energy drink which is very famous all around the world. Red Bull is at number 2 in the market of energy drinks and is continuously trying to become the leader, that's the major reason behind introducing the Red Bull Chewing gum. As its really important to reach the target markets with appropriate levels of frequency and credibility. We will use both push or pull strategy or exclusive distribution in some conditions. Usually the well known brands are successful of developing a pull strategy with their loyal customers. So if we face any sort of constraint then we will ask our distributors to use exclusive distribution strategy to sell the chewing gum; so that the consumer might want to break the suspense, 'why is it only available in few outlets'. The market of Red Bull drink is already has good stead so the chewing gum with the same effect will be a total suspense in the consumers of the drink, leaving no doubt that they will buy it. The product is placed in the outlet and the shop is using the brand equityto develop his reliability of the shop name and is also associating with an existing brand name to introduce a new product orproduct line will also attract the target audience. PESTLE Analysis Political: Red-Bull is a well known product in UK. There will be no political restriction against a really similar product. This product will be a really innovative product as there is no chewing gum with the energy boost. Economics: Red Bull chewing gum is a extension of lucrative red bull energy drink. There are no particular expends that will make this extensive project.New employees will be hiring for this product

Strategic Management Business & Management Case Study

Strategic Management Business & Management - Case Study Example The company did not respond to the changing management needs and continued to pay heavy packages to its workers and coupled with low response to fashion changes, it has lost its customers confidence. JZ Benny did not respond to the competitive edge that the new entrants like Spanish El Dorado and Scandinavian Helgar were employing. It remained static in the fashion outsourcing even when its competitors changed to fast fashion model shops. While the competitors outsourced their fashions from Eastern Europe, JZ Benny instead rushed to China and South East Asia which sold at low cost. Thinking this as a cost advantage over the rivals, it turned out to be a stock burden for the company since they had to buy in bulk and hence were left with indispensable stock at the end of the season. This was a miscalculated marketing strategy resulting from inefficient market analysis. The company failed to keep up with its competitors who resulted to e-supply chain which enabled them to connect the customers with the designers hence placed in the market what the customer preferred. This ensured that they were always ahead of other retailers since they stocked what the customers liked. JZ Benny saw a management gap and responded by fishing Bob D'Saster from competitor Helgar Fashions. As the CEO of JZ Benny, D'Saster was confident that cost cutting measures and investment in technology would turn the chain around to start making profit. Cost cut measures were implemented leading to layoff of about 20% of the staff and heavy investment in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags to help in improving the Barcode Inventory Processing. However this did not help the company and the AGM dismissed D'Saster and placed John Hammond as the CEO. As expressed by Courtney et al., 1997, the case of JZ Benny is a management problem. The company has been under a management that does not recognized that the company is in a dynamic industry which is highly competitive. Fashion industry has seen a lot of revolution and even the giants in Paris and Milan have not been spared. With the rise of USA and ASIA and fashion centres of the world, the company needs to wake up to the changes taking place in the market. As part of the strategic management, the company should first embrace the e-commerce models to have more links between designers and customers. It should also look into expansion strategy to widen its operation base. This model should be in line with the following analysis of the business and its operation environment. The company should not be disposed to tycoon McQueen since it can use this proposed model to turn round its fortunes. (Michael and Jude, 1997) External Analysis (a) Political The company operates in an enabling political environment. The fusion of the political and business environment is suitable for its operation. The business commission has already barred McQueen from acquiring the company as per its rules. With the formation of the European Union the company should

Should Military Personnel Receive Extra Rights GP week 2 Essay

Should Military Personnel Receive Extra Rights GP week 2 - Essay Example As a result, the military should not be any different from civilians in their rights, including drinking, if the crimes in our society are to be prevented and punished. Soldiers have almost the same civil rights as civilians. The Congress passed civil rights laws ensuring that soldiers’ civil rights are no different from those of civilians. Moreover, as any civilian, a soldier is entitled to an attorney, marriage, voting, inheritance and several other rights. However, unlike civilians, soldiers are not allowed to run for office, be it partisan or nonpartisan, especially if it conflicts with their duties (Globalsecurity.org, 2012). There are arguments that soldiers should in fact have more rights. They have more duties. As a result, one could argue that soldiers too could be allotted some additional rights. In 2010, there was a discussion in the Congress that drinking age should be returned to 18 for soldiers. The argument was that if they are considered adults enough to die for their country, then they can be adults with a beer in their hand too, regardless of the fact that alcohol caused over 25,000 deaths in 2009 (Bishop, 2010; Kochanek et al., 2011, p.11). The bill was rejected. Historically, there was a way for soldiers to become immune in front of the court – martial. Such example was in Hirshberg v. Cooke (1949), where a soldier was in captivity by the Japanese (Everett, 1960, p.373). He was released, discharged from the Navy and then reenlisted the following day (Everett, 1960, p.373). However, when his crimes against other captives were discovered, the court – martial could not try him under another enlistment. He was set free. Another important case is of two Special Forces units who murdered and disposed of a third member (Everett, 1960, p.373). They were out of the military when their crimes were discovered. However, civilian courts could not try them, and since

Field trip Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Field trip - Essay Example The selected outcrop is within the Marietta topographic quadrangle. It is located along route 7 in Ohio, West Virginia. In terms of the co-ordinates, it is within Sec. 2, T2N, R9W. The outcrop exists within an elevation of 640, which is from its base. The Bedrock Geology of Washington County rates the outcrop as of Pennsylvanian age. The rock formation is of the Monongahela group. The general rock types that exist in this outcrop are shale, siltstone, red shale, and greywacke. Consequently, the following breakdown describes the various compositions that make up the basal layers: Layer 1 is made up of 0.5m shale which is moss green. It also has plenty of fern fossils and has a covered basal contact. This layer lies at a lateral intersection with siltstone. Layer 2 consists of 1.5m siltstone. This is greenish grey in colour and exists as a composite. It is also covered in fern fossils and has a covered basal contact. It lies at a lateral intersection with red shale. Layer 3 consist of 3.0m of red shale that is largely reddish in colour. This also has covered basal contact and fern fossils. Layer 4 has 1.7m of greywacke that is grey in colour. This layer tapers laterally and lacks the ferns. Its basal contact is irregular. Layer 5 is 2.2m of grey siltstone made up of larger lateral grains. There are no ferns and the basal contact is uneven. Layer 6 has 3.5m of greywacke with larger grains. Layer 7 is made up of 1.5m of laterally layered greywacke. The final layer 8 is made up of 1.5m of grey granulated siltstone. From such a study, various inferences can be drawn from the results, and the corresponding analysis can be compared to pre-existing theory. This is important in understanding the landscape of such a region due to the dynamic nature it has. The hilltops are predominantly made of greywacke sandstones due to their resistance to weathering. The valleys are otherwise

Business managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Business managment - Essay Example objectives tend to differ in a way that the VAA is a business organization trying to raise profits from the services offered while the British Red Cross is an organization trying to help people to survive hard situation. The target groups are different and the overall aims are also different. The airline has a responsibility of providing education and training to the young unemployed people. They can start aviation colleges, aeronautic engineering collages and such colleges to help the community and the government at large to grow. They can also benefit by employing qualified and skilled personnel who have been trained there. VAA has a responsibility of providing quality services to its customers. They can improve the services by increasing the comfort, the capacity of the air buses and the hospitality. They also have a responsibility of creating a good reputation to the shareholders and investors. This can be done through ensuring that the economic state of the company is maintained. This can also be done through making good use of the capital so as to obtain solid profitability to meet shareholder and investor expectations with stable dividends. (â€Å"Responsibility to stakeholders†. 2004) The airline has a responsibility of taking good care of the employees and staff. They should be provided with a good working environment, treated with fairness and rewarded for their performance since their hard work leads to the prosperity of the firm. It also have a responsibility of ensuring that they help to protect the environment by reducing pollution e.g. by the air buses. It has a responsibility of taking care of the business partners like the suppliers e.g through striving for mutual growth and prosperity. They should also pay taxes to the government and operate under the governing laws. VAA improved the services to the customers by expanding the airlines and enabling travel to many countries. Initially, the airline was intended to fly between London and Falkland

A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Essay

A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance - Essay Example It launched its slogan in the year 2010; â€Å"Tiles for Everyone.† Topps Tiles PLC have 25 percent share in the ceramic tile industry (Topps Tiles, 2012, p. 3). The annual report of the company revealed that in 2010, Topps Tiles PLC has gained 2 percent more marker share that the last year. This company has three segments: a) Topps Tiles PLC retail operations in UK, b) Tile Clearing House (TCH), and c) Topps Tiles floor store business in Holland. So Topps Tiles PLC has 37 TCH and 275 outlets now. Topps Tiles Holdings is a subsidiary of Topps Tiles PLC, UK, which deals in ceramic tiles and wooden floorings. The company has about 1660 employees. Topps Tiles PLC claims to be the number one ceramic tile supplier or retailer. The mission of the company is to offer value and excellent quality products to its customers. The revenue generated in 2011 was ?175.5 million (MarketLine, 2012b, p. 3-4; The Financial Times Ltd, 2012). Products Topps Tiles PLC offers a wide range of flooring options to its customers. Apart from flooring, products for outdoor paving, tools and accessories for setting the tiles or other flooring options are also sold. They also offer online advice services for assisting customers in a better way. Tiles such as ceramic, porcelain, prestige stone, mosaic, etc are sold for not only floors but also for walls, especially in the bathrooms and kitchens. Specific range of kitchen tiles are there to give an energetic feel to the kitchen, so that cooking no more remains a boring job. Apart from the polished tiles, natural stones are also available for flooring to give an old and rustic look to the house. Special styling products like splash backs are also available. Services like designing, styling, and advice for cleaning and maintaining these floorings are also given by special advisors. Geographical Scopes Topps Tiles stores are located mainly in London and the other cities of UK. Though the company is listed and is counted among the top tile b rands, but geography wise Topps Tiles PLC is confined to UK and its neighbouring areas only. Business Model Topps Tiles PLC follows a hybrid business model as it follows both business to business and business to customer form of dealing. Flooring tiles and stones are sold to real estate and construction companies and also to end users or customers who buy for their homes. It is also sold to very small retail companies who conduct business on a small scale basis. Topps Tiles PLC is a company which follows the sole objective of offering the best quality flooring tiles whether the customer is a business house or an individual, who is purchasing small quantity of products. The motto is to offer value for money. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS The functional analytical tools that are utilized to make strategic judgment in order to estimate the attractiveness of the market are: a) PESTLE Analysis, b) Porter’s Five Force Model, c) SWOT Analysis, d) Strategic Group Mapping, d) Stakeholders Analys is, and e) Risk Analysis. Each of these strategic tools or theories has been discussed and their implications with respect to Topps Tiles Plc are explained below: PESTLE Analysis PESTLE ANALYSIS Factors Analysis Political UK being one of the most powerful and flourishing country in the world has a significant role to play in the international business

African American Experience Essay Example for Free

African American Experience Essay African Americans lived differently than white men did during the turn of the century. They faced many problems within the society. Some of the issues they faced were out of their hands. Although things were not the greatest all the time, there were supporters and organizations that they could turn to. Along with these organizations they had leaders that tried to help the race. Many African Americans became successful in the late 1920’s, and still to this day there are many African Americans that are successful. During the time period around the late 1870’s through the 1920’s many African Americans did not have good jobs. The majority of African Americans lived in the southern states. Many were sharecroppers who worked the land and gave the land owners part of the profit from the crops. African Americans were cheated out of money through this process most of the time. The African Americans did receive the right to vote before white women. African Americans faced many issues throughout these years. A series of laws were passed in the South to keep the African Americans at the lowest point possible in society. These laws were known as the Jim Crow Laws. Shortly after these laws were established segregation became legalized, and black codes that were abolished during the Reconstruction resurfaced and were supported in Plessy vs. Ferguson. This lead to African Americans being looked down on and equality far from reach. African Americans were not allowed to go to the same schools or drink out of the same water fountains as whites; they were even told where they could and could not live. This put a strain on the race and the way they had to live. Many African Americans were also stripped of their voting rights. In 1890 a poll tax was enforced. This meant that poor people, of both races, were not able to vote simply because they could not afford to. They also instituted a literacy test where you had to show that you were able to read and write. Many times African American college graduates failed the test, yet illiterate whites were some how able to pass. The responses to these issues were not good. They did not understand why they should be treated any differently from the whites. This led to riots and outburst throughout the country. After this, African Americans became the center of violent and cruel attacks. Lynchings were on an all time high in the late 1800s with more than a hundred African Americans being lynched per year. Law enforcement usually did nothing to stop these terrible acts and sometimes even participated. African Americans fled to the North during this time in search of better jobs and home lives for their families. Many organizations were formed during this time in hopes of ceasing the violence and bringing America to equality. Two of the largest influences were Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois. Both of these men had separate approaches with the end result being the same. Washington thought that equality would be achieved, but it would be a very slow and ongoing process. He wanted to concentrate on getting African Americans better paying jobs and a greater education. Du Bois believed that you should demand equality and stop at nothing to get it. He wanted better education, equal rights, and suffrage. Another well known advocate for African Americans was Ida B. Wells. She founded the anti-lynching movement that came into existence in the 1880s. This group set out to stop the violent acts aimed at African Americans. Wells’ goal was to make lynching a federal crime and keep the local law agencies from allowing and participating in hate crimes. White women from the North and some others supported this movement, but it wasn’t until the 1930’s that lynching became a federal crime. For a time, Wells published a newspaper, Free Speech. An angry mob of people burned down her office in Memphis, Tennessee and forced her to leave town. In 1891, Wells supported the strike of black cotton pickers. She was dismayed when fifteen of the cotton pickers were lynched. The whites sent a strong message that they were not going to conform to her desires and accept the equality of the African Americans for some time. With the end of the Civil War, the African Americans received freedom from slavery and gains some rights but lost many of those same rights a mere twenty years later . They had sacrificed much and did not give them up easily. Even though they were often defeated in court and often threatened with violence, a visionary group of leaders laid the foundation for the future successes of the civil rights movement. They founded important educational institutions and organizations to fight for civil rights and cultivated both a new generation of leaders and a growing number of writers, artists, and professionals who embodied Du Boiss idea of a talented tenth and who became increasingly active and effective in the 1920s. Almost a century later, African Americans are better accepted in society than ever before. There is less of a double standard and more equality thanks to the brave men and women who came before and strove to encourage, nurture, and raise their children to grow up in a more civil environment.

Alcohol consumption Essay Example for Free

Alcohol consumption Essay Drinking too much – on a single occasion or over time – can take a serious toll on your health. Here’s how alcohol can affect your body: Brain: Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways, and can affect the way the brain looks and works. These disruptions can change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination. Heart: Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion can damage the heart, causing problems including: †¢CARDIOMYOPATHY – STRETCHING AND DROOPING OF HEART MUSCLE †¢ARRHYTHMIAS – IRREGULAR HEART BEAT. †¢STROKE †¢HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE Research also shows that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol may protect healthy adults from developing coronary heart disease. Liver: Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety of problems and liver inflammations including: †¢STEATOSIS, OR FATTY LIVER †¢ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS †¢FIBROSIS †¢CIRRHOSIS Pancreas: Alcohol causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents proper digestion. Cancer: Drinking too much alcohol can increase your risk of developing certain cancers, including cancers of the: †¢MOUTH †¢ESOPHAGUS †¢THROAT †¢LIVER †¢BREAST Immune System: Drinking too much can weaken your immune system, making your body a much easier target for disease. Chronic drinkers are more liable to contract diseases like pneumonia and tuberculosis than people who do not drink too much. Drinking a lot on a single occasion slows your body’s ability to ward off infections – even up to 24 hours after getting drunk Consequences of drinking too much Alcohol enters your bloodstream as soon as you take your first sip. Alcohol’s immediate effects can appear within about 10 minutes. As you drink, you increase your blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level, which is the amount of alcohol present in your bloodstream. The higher your BAC, the more impaired you become by alcohol’s effects. These effects can include.